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You have full access to this open access article. The prevalence of dystonia has been studied since the s. Due to different methodologies and due to varying degrees of awareness, resulting figures have been extremely different. We wanted to determine the prevalence of dystonia according to its current definition, using quality-approved registries and based on its relevance for patients, their therapy and the health care system. We applied a service-based chart review design with the City of Hannover as reference area and a population of , Barrier-free comprehensive dystonia treatment in few highly specialised centres for the last 30 years should have generated maximal dystonia awareness, a minimum of unreported cases and a high degree of data homogeneity.
Leg dystonia, hemidystonia and complex regional pain syndrome-associated dystonia are very rare. Compared to previous meta-analytical data, primary or isolated dystonia is 3. When all forms of dystonia including psychogenic, generalised, tardive and other symptomatic dystonias are considered, our dystonia prevalence is 3. The real prevalence is likely to be even higher. Having based our study on treatment necessity, our data will allow better allocation of resources for comprehensive dystonia treatment.
Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem. Dystonia was defined in by the Ad Hoc Committee of the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation DMRF [ 9 ] as the occurrence of sustained involuntary muscle contractions causing twisting, repetitive movements and abnormal postures.
The current concept of dystonia was developed in the mids by C David Marsden and Stanley Fahn [ 8 ] when they—for the first time—unified various hitherto independent conditions under the term dystonia. Dystonia covers a large number of different manifestations occurring with a wide spectrum of severities caused by various aetiologies and probably reflecting numerous different underlying pathophysiologies.
It is still defined entirely by its clinical phenomenology. Due to its inhomogeneity, various classifications have been proposed. The relatively recent introduction of the dystonia concept still causes a continued awareness deficit generating large numbers of undiagnosed patients and complicating the interpretation of older clinical data. Older clinical data may also be impaired by outdated classification systems. Lack of technical parameters may generate diagnostic uncertainty, at least for the non-expert.