Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Correspondence to Giorgio Bogani. We have investigated outcomes of women presenting with recurrent high-grade vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia.
Data of consecutive women diagnosed with recurrent high-grade vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia after primary treatment s were retrieved. Risk of developing new recurrence over the time was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. Data of women were available for the analysis. Secondary treatments included: laser ablation and medical treatment in 95 After a mean standard deviation follow-up of Median time to recurrence was 20 range, months.
Patients with recurrent high-grade vaginal intra-epithelial neoplasia are at high risk of developing new recurrences. Our data underline that the choice of primary treatment might have an impact of further outcomes. Human papillomavirus HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease, worldwide, with more than 14, newly diagnosed infections every year [ 1 , 2 ]. HPV infections generally involved the lower genital tract and they rarely might determinate occurrence of dysplasia and cancer arising into the superficial epithelium.
Cancer of the uterine cervix is the most common malignancy caused by HPV infection in women [ 2 ]. Moreover, there is a strong evidence linking HPV with cancer of the head and neck district, as well as anus, vulva and vagina [ 1 , 2 ]. In particular, vaginal dysplasia represents a relative rare entity when compared to cervical dysplasia, representing about 0.
In fact, it is estimated to occur in 0. Although the diagnosis of vaginal dysplasia is increased in the recent years [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], only few studies evaluated outcomes of women affected by VaIN [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. There is no consensus about the optimal treatment modality for women affected by high-grade VaIN. Treatments' modalities included: medical treatments with topical application of imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil 5-FU , as well as ablative and excisional procedures executed via surgery, diathermocoagulation and carbon dioxide CO 2 laser [ 4 , 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].
