Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Correspondence: Ralf. Schmidmaier med. Leipe med. Although pain is the major symptom, BME differs in terms of its causal mechanisms, underlying disease, as well as treatment and prognosis.
This complexity together with the lack of evidence-based guidelines, frequently makes the identification of underlying conditions and its management a major challenge. Unnecessary multiple consultations and delays in diagnosis as well as therapy indicate a need for interdisciplinary clinical recommendations.
After review of literature, review of practical experiences expert opinion , and determination of consensus findings, an overview and an algorithm were developed with concise summaries of relevant aspects of the respective underlying disease including diagnostic measures, clinical features, differential diagnosis and treatment of BME.
Together, our single-center consensus review on the management of BME may help improve the quality of care for these patients. It can occur in virtually all bones, but is most often observed in the lower extremities [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].
BME can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. This manuscript covers the diagnosis and treatment of painful BME. Consequently, the differentiation between primary and secondary BME, as well as the identification of the underlying condition in secondary BME, is of utmost importance to initiate the proper treatment. However, interdisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis and management of BME are lacking. This is problematic, since patients suffering painful BME are seen by various different medical professions, independent of whether their clinical background covers the underlying pathology.
