Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Email: amanda. The review is organized around a tripartite model of familial influence.
Firstly, it is posited that children learn about ER through observational learning, modeling and social referencing. Secondly, parenting practices specifically related to emotion and emotion management affect ER. Thirdly, ER is affected by the emotional climate of the family via parenting style, the attachment relationship, family expressiveness and the marital relationship.
The review ends with discussions regarding the ways in which child characteristics such as negative emotionality and gender affect ER, how socialization practices change as children develop into adolescents, and how parent characteristics such as mental health affect the socialization of ER.
Many factors influence the development of ER. Nonetheless, emotions are recognized as both products and processes of social relationships Cole et al. Despite several decades of research on the importance of the social context, particularly the family, until recently there has been little research on the influence of social relationships in the development of ER abilities. In this review we argue that the family context affects the development of ER in three important ways see Figure 1.
Firstly, children learn about ER through observation. Secondly, specific parenting practices and behaviors related to the socialization of emotion affect ER. Thirdly, ER is affected by the emotional climate of the family , as reflected in the quality of the attachment relationship, styles of parenting, family expressiveness and the emotional quality of the marital relationship.
