Review Article. HIVβpositive anal cancer: an update for the clinician. Corresponding Author: Charles R. Thomas, Jr. Fax: Ph: Email: thomasch ohsu. HIV positive patients and treatment for anal cancer.
Anal cancer used to be a rare cancer traditionally associated with elderly women. There are approximately cases per year in the U. Anal cancer is on the rise in the U. S and the number of anal cases documented has quadrupled in the past 20 yrs correlating with the rise of the HIV epidemic.
As a consequence non AIDS defining cancers such as anal cancer are on the rise. In the general population, the rate of anal cancer is approximately 0. In patients with a history of RAI, the rate approaches 35 cases per , which is equivalent to the prevalence of cervical cancer 3.
Smokers are eight times more likely to develop anal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol ; 1: DOI: In the HIV positive population the rate of anal cancer increased from 19 to There are other factors implicated in the etiology of anal cancer in addition to HIV.
Anal cancer, similar to cervical cancer, is known to be associated with the HPV virus, sexual behavior, and tobacco use. HPV is known to play a definitive role in the development of anal and cervical squamous cell cancer. That risk increases depending on sexual practices. Men who has sex with men MSM is associated with a higher incidence of anal cancer.
